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Ask what the person prefers

The most reliable rule is simple: use the name and form of address the person asks for. Familiarity, age, workplace role, and setting all affect what sounds natural.

Names and titles often work together

In many Korean settings, a name may be followed by a role or respectful title rather than used alone. The appropriate title depends on the relationship and organization, so there is no universal formula that fits every conversation.

Nicknames need consent

A shortened name or affectionate nickname can communicate closeness, but it can also be unwelcome in a workplace or public setting. Use it only when the person is comfortable with it.

When unsure, choose the respectful option

Use a neutral title, listen to how the person introduces themselves, and adjust when they tell you their preference. Cultural etiquette is about attention to the other person, not memorizing a rigid script.